Boiler compound.



20 boiler before steam was gotten -rrn' sans PATENT cr me,

JOHN BARNES, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR F ONE-HALF TO PETER B.BIRD,

- OF YORK, N. Y.

BOILER COMPOUND.

menace.

NoDrawing. Application filed December 13, 19i2, Serial No. 736,605.

' i t No. 815,291.

New York, haveinvented certain new and Compounds,

rllseful' Improvements in Boiler of which the-following is a full,clear, and

exact specification. 1 This invention relates to boiler compounds toprevent the formation of and, to

removescale or incrustation formed by deposits of lime and magnesiasalts, and to arrest and prevent objectionable corrosion,

a galvanic or electrolytic action. 15. Boiler compounds, as heretoforeknown,

have been readily soluble powders, pastes or liquids, and considerabledifficulty has ers. Powders have had to be put into the up, or fedthrough a feed-cup. If put' in efore, it dissolved so quickly as tocause foaming, and if attempted tobe fed 'through,a feedcup, it wasfound to the bottom, and not be circulated with the other ingredientsthroughout the surface of the boiler, on account of its specificgravity. Liquids or pastes containing mercury are subject to the samedifliculties.

It is the object of this invention to provide a boiler compoundcontainin mercury, which can be made up in hard f orm, and, when putinto the boiler, will dissolve slowly and hold by the circulation to allparts of the boiler, without settling. To this end, I form my 1 compoundas a hard, agglomerated cake which the water under heat and pressure 4.5gradually dissolves, thereby neutralizing acids or oils in the water,and-at the same time, setting freely molecularly fine quantities ofmetallic mercury, which spreads in thin film over the surface of thetubes and sheets. The heat and pressure cause the Specification ofLetters Patent.

that the dry powder 25 would attack the metal, and cause the cooks themercury in such state, :0 of fine sub-division, that it can'be carriedPatented May 2, l9 1lfi. Renewed January 29, 1914. Serial to preventincrustation, but it has always been introduced in such form that ittended to collect in a pool at the bottom of the boiler, therebybecoming useless. By amalgamatmg mercury with an alkali metal, such forexample as sodium, the tendency of the mercury to form a galvanic couplewith the iron in acid waters, is neutralized, as the amalgam is electropositive to iron or steel under heat and pressure, thereby preventingelectrolytic action on the iron. The mercury is thus polarized,relatively to iron or steel, and protects the iron from attack byelectrolysis or galvanicaction, as well as, in connection with the otheringredients, forming a protective, heat conducting coating. beenencountered infeeding them to boily In carrying out my invention, Iform' an amalgam of mercury and an alkali metal, such for example assodium. I preferably select proportions such that the amalgam will haveto be pulverized into impalpable powder before being mixed with theother ingredients. As an .example of an eflicient compound I may employfifteen parts of amalgam, ten parts of kerosene emulsified with oilcontaining as low content of free fatty acid as possible, such as whaleor seal 'oil, fifteen parts of sodium hydrate, twentyfive parts ofdextrin or other suitable carbohydrate, ten parts of tannin, kutch, orother tannin containing material, and fifteen partsof tri-sodiumphosphate, and water to mix, ten parts. The ingredients are thoroughlymixed,.and then agglomerated under pressure into a hard cake. Theseproportions maybe varied within wide limits according to the characterof the water used in the boiler; other alkaline salts may in some casesbe pref rred or may be added to the'sodium phosp ate, such as soda ashor my compound may be introduced into the boiler in containers, and willdissolve gradmercury with the emulsified kerosene to be distributed inthe boilers in a molecularly the' alkaline chromates. The hard cakes offine form. Kerosene is very usefulfor its effect on sulfate of lime andmagnesia which tend to form scale, as well as neutralizing or dissolvingany grease that may be in the boiler, so that a clean metal. surface maybe exposed for holding the mercury. As well known, kerosene alone' wouldhave so low a boiling point that it would volatilize under the heat inboilers and would rise'into the steam drum and escape, but by beingemulsified with an oil of high boiling point it ntimately mixes withthewater and is much slower to volatilize; its emulsification alsofacilitates the compounding vinto the? cake form. The sodium hydrate orcaustic soda neutralizes any acidity of the feed water and combines withoil or grease in the boiler or feed water to form a soluble soap and tocut the scale and cleanse the underlying metal. The deXtrin has abeneficial action on the sulfates and acts as a binder in forming andmaintaining the compound in a solid state. The tri-sodium phosphateneutralizes the corrosive action produced by many feed waters. Thetann nor kutch arrests foaming common in boilers when alkaline waters have tobe used, and also has a beneficial effeet on carbonates of lime ormagnesia. In addition to the dextrin or in substitution therefor Isometimes use other gums or sugars as a soluble binder. The mercuryforms .an acid proof, heat conducting coating. The polarizedmercuryamalgam has no eifect upon brass or copper under water. The emulsifiedkerosene may be formed, ac-

cording to one preferred method, by saponifying whale orseal Oll, orgreen soap made' therefrom,

preferably mixed with gelatin or similar substance, then adding thekerosene oil to the same, and then working the whole with the remainingingredients to form the slowly soluble boiler compound of the invention.The green soap should preferably be free from free fatty acid, glycerin,stearin, or like substance. Usually, the ker osene is added by smallquantities at a time to the mass containing green .soap, water andgelatin, the kerosene being thoroughly mixed by active stirring.

My invention has proven to be especially well adapted to locomotive.boilers which on account of their small steam space and high workingpressure foam or prime very quickly and owing to the-use of copperexpansion rings are more liable to galvanic action causing pitting andgrooving on both plates and tubes. By reason of the hard,

slowly soluble characteristics of my improved boiler compound, it ispossible to place in a boiler at one time, a suiiicient quantity to lasttwo or three months wlthout attention, or without causing foaming,

thereby obviating the expense and trouble of daily feeding of boilercompound, and also avoiding the necessity of frequent washmg out andopening the boiler.

Having thus described my invention, 1 declare that what I claim as newand desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

' 1. A hard, slowly soluble boiler compound containing amalgam, andemulsified kerosene.

2. A hard, slowly soluble boiler compound containing amalgam andemulsified kerosene distributed in a soluble binder.

3. A hard, slowly soluble boiler compound HELEN C. EGAN.

